Fig. 1

XrvB is involved in HR induction in Xoc. Bacterial cells were cultured in NB medium and re-suspended in SPB to a concentration of OD₆₀₀ at 0.5. The bacterial suspensions were infiltrated into the leaves of non-host plant N. benthamiana. a Hypersensitive response (HR) symptoms were observed at 24, 36, and 48 h post-infiltration (hpi). b Electrolyte leakage of N. benthamiana leaves infiltrated with Xoc strains were measured. For each sample, four 0.4 cm² leaf disks were collected from the bacteria-inoculated area and incubated in 5 mL ultrapure water. Conductivity was measured at 24, 36, and 48 hpi. The results presented are the mean ± SD (n = 3 biological replicates). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, significant difference from the wild-type strain, using Student's t-test