Fig. 4

Identification of Pss van Hall effectors that induce HR in N. benthamiana. a Leaves of five-week-old N. benthamiana were infiltrated with Pst DC3000 D36E harboring the pPSE vector with Cya (vector) or different Pss van Hall effectors conjugated with Cya. Six hours later, samples were collected for cAMP assay. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 3). b Representative N. benthamiana leaf infected with Pst DC3000 D36E harboring the pPSE vector (GFP) or pPSE with different Pss van Hall effectors. Leaves from five-week-old N. benthamiana were infiltrated with Pst DC3000 D36E harboring the pPSE vector (GFP) or pPSE with different Pss van Hall effectors for 2 days at 25 °C. Bar = 0.5 cm. c Conductivity measurement of N. benthamiana leaves infiltrated with Pst DC3000 D36E harboring the pPSE vector (GFP) or pPSE with different Pss van Hall effectors. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 5). All experiments were repeated three times with similar results. Significant differences were detected using Student's t test. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001