Table 2 Hosts and localities of Helicotylenchus species in China

H. abunaamai Siddiqi, 1972

tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), strawberry (Fragaria ananassa), goosegrass (Eleusine indica), digitaria (Digitaria sangunialis), bayberry (Myrica rubra), Grass

Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan

Zhang and Chen (1994), Liu et al. (2012), Lin et al. (2017), Liu et al. (2017), Yu (2019)

H. africanus (Micoletzky, 1916) Andrássy, 1958

goosegrass, digitaria, dwarf lilyturf tuber (Ophiopogon japonicus)

Anhui

Liu et al. (2017)

H. agricola Elmiligy, 1970

tobacco, peanut (Arachis hypogaea), apple (Malus domestica), grape (Vitis vinifera), peach (Prunus persica), plantain (Musa basjoo), fructus amomi (Amomum villosum), areca nut (Areca catechu), sandalwood (Santalum album), cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia)

Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan

Deng et al. (1992), Wu and Lu (1995), Xie et al. (1997a), Liu et al. (2012)

H. anhelicus Sher, 1966

apple

Guizhou

Feng et al. 1981, Liu (2005)

H. australis Siddiqi, 1972

honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis), lawn grass

Hainan, Sichuan

Li (1994a), Yuan et al. (2007), Yu (2019)

H. apiculus Roman, 1965

alocasia (Alocasia macrorhiza)

Fujian

Duan (2012)

H. bambesae Elmiligy, 1970

pea (Pisum sativum), green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), cabbage (Brassica oleracea), Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris), pear (Pyrus sorotina), citrus (Citrus reticulata), sandalwood, Trachelospermum jasminoides

Anhui, Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan,

Lan et al. (1997a), Wu and Lu (1995), Xie et al. (1997a, b), Yang et al. (2018)

H. belli Sher,1966

citrus, apple, pea

Guizhou, Fujian, Sichuan

Feng et al. 1981, Hu et al. (1991), Xie et al.(1997b), An (2009),

H. caipora Monteiro & de Mendonca, 1972

peach, citrus, grape

Sichuan

Deng et al. (1992), Lan et al.(1997b), Xie et al.(1997a)

H. califormicus Sher, 1966

citrus, strawberry, rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), sweet potato (Dioscorea esculenta), potato (Solanum tuberosum), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), horsebean (Vicia faba), rape (Brassica campestris), apple, olive (Olea europaea), lychee (Litchi chinensis)

Beijing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan

Wang (1988), Fang and Yin (1993), Yin et al. (1994), Ye (1994), Li (1994a), Liu (2005), An (2009), Lin et al. (2017)

H. caroliniensis

pineapple (Ananas comosus)

Guangxi

Fang and Yin (1993)

H. cavenessei Sher, 1966

peach, spinach (Spinacia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sative), choi sum (Brassica parachinensis), pelemo (Citrus grandis), citrus, areca nut, pomelo, banana (Musa paradisiaca)

Guangdong, Guizhou, Hongkong, Xinjiang

Feng et al. (1981), Wu and Lu (1995), Xie and Feng (1996), Mijiti et al. (2007), Chen et al. (2008)

H. concavus Romanm 1961

pea

Sichuan

Li (1994a)

H. cornurus Anderson, 1974

wheat, maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), potato, sweet potato (Dioscorea esculenta), pea, sugarcane, flax (Linum usitatissimum), radish (Raphanus sativus), coriander (Coriandrum sativum), chinese cabbage, garlic (Bulbus Allii), spring onion (Allium fistulosum), pea, lychee

Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan, Tianjin

Feng et al. (1981), Yin et al. (1994), Li (1994a), Lan et al. (1997a)

H. crassatus Anderson, 1973

pea

Sichuan

Lan et al. (1997a)

H. crenacauda Sher, 1966

garlic, citrus, banana, longan (Dimocarpus longan), Chinese eaglewood (Aquilaria sinensis), tomato (Lycopersicon

Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Sichuan, Tianjin

Hu et al. (1991), Ye (1994), Wu and Lu (1995), Xie

esculentum)

et al. (1997b), Liu and Zhang (1999), Yu (2019)

H. cuspicaudatus

bamboo (Bambusoideae), sugarcane

Guangdong

Shen (2018), Wang et al. (2018)

H. delhiensis Khan & Nanjappa, 1972

citrus

Sichuan

Xie et al. (1997a)

H. digitiformis Ivanova, 1967

poplar (Populus sp.), apricot (Armeniaca vulgaris), wheat, maize, sorghum, peanut, garlic, creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)

Jiangsu, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin

Deng et al. (1992), Li (1994b), Luo et al. (2002), Liu (2005), Huai et al. (2010), Pan et al. (2012), Fan (2019), Dong et al. (2022)

H. digonicus Perry in Perry, Darling & Thorne, 1959

44 host plants, including all kinds of trees, grass, crops, vegetables

Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hongkong, Hubei, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia,

Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang

Wang (1988), Fang and Yin (1993), Li (1994a,b), Ye (1994), Wu and Lu (1995), Xie and Feng (1996), Lan et al. (1997a), Zheng et al. (1998a, b), Luo et al. (2002), Liu (2005), Yuan et al. (2007), Mei et al. (2008), An (2009), Qin (2009), Yang (2013), Fan (2019), Qi (2022)

H. dihystera (Cobb, 1893) Sher, 1961

Over 50 host plants, including all kinds of trees, grass, crops,vegetables, herbal and ornamental plants

Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hongkong, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang

Feng et al. (1981), Tang (1981), Wang (1988), Wang et al. (1991), Deng et al. (1992), Fang and Yin (1993), Li (1994a,b), Zhou (1996), Lan et al. (1997a),Xie et al. (1997b), Zheng et al. (1998a, b), Xie and Feng (1996), Liu and Zhang (1999), Li et al. (2000), Luo et al. (2002), Zhang et al. (2002), Liu (2005), Li et al. (2006), Xu et al. (2006), Zhou et al. (2007), Cheng (2008), Lin et al. (2008), Mei et al. (2008), An (2009), Li et al. (2009), Duan (2012), Fang et al. (2012), Teng et al. (2013), Yang (2013), Zhang et al. (2013), Lin et al. (2014), Xiao et al. (2014), Chen et al. (2015), Zheng et al. (2015), Lin et al. (2017), Zhang and Ding (2016), Qi (2022), Dong et al. (2022)

H. egyptiensis Tarjan, 1964

tomato, ramie (Boehmeria nivea), banyan (Ficus macrocarpa), philodendron (Philodendron), maize (Zea mays)

Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Jiangxi

Feng et al. (1984), Fang and Yin (1993), Zhou et al. (2005), Shen (2018)

H. erythrinae (Zimmermann, 1904) Golden, 1956

wheat, barley (Hordeum vulgare), maize, sweet potato, sesame (Sesamum indicum), coffee (Coffea arabica), tea (Camellia sinensis), pea, mung bean (Vigna radiata), string bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), coriander, apple, peach, grape, garlic, persimmon (Diospyros kaki), banana, bayberry, sunflower (Helianthus annuus), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli), bullbena (Hemarthria compressa), sage (Salvia japonica), sugarcane (Sacchams sinensis)

Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Tianjin,

Feng et al. (1981), Wang (1988), Deng et al. (1992), Fang and Yin (1993), Li (1994a), Zhao et al. (1996), Xie et al. (1997a), Liu (2005), Yuan et al. (2007)

H. exallus Sher, 1966

citrus, onion, grape, Chinese mustard (Brassica alboglabra), mooli (Raphanus sativus), cryptomeria (Cryptomeria japonica), tomato, mulberry (Morus alba L.)

Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Heilongjiang, Hongkong, Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Sichuan, Tianjin,

Wang (1988); Hu et al. (1991); Wang et al. (1991); Fang and Yin (1993); Ye (1994); Li (1994a, b); Wu and Lu (1995); Xie and Feng (1996); Qiao et al. (2011)

Yunnan

Zhao et al. (1996), Lan et al. (1997a), Xie et al.(1997b), Luo et al. (2002), Wang and Cai (2005), An (2009)

H. graminophilus Fotedar & Mahajan, 1974

chaotian pepper (Capsicum annuum), loquat (Eriobotrya japonica), citrus, olive (Canarium oleosum)

Guizhou, Liaoning, Sichuan

Feng et al. (1981), Li (1994a,b)

H. hydrophilus Sher, 1966

maize

Henan

Li et al. (1986)

H. imperialis Rashid & Khan, 1972

tomato, citrus

Guizhou, Sichuan

Feng et al. (1981), Li (1994b), Zhang et al. (1998)

H. indicus Siddiqi, 1963

bluegrass (Poa annua), olive, tea, grass

Guizhou, Guangdong Jiangxi, Shanxi,

Feng et al. (1984), Xu et al. (2013), Dong et al. (2022)

H. labiatus Roman, 1965

peach

Sichuan

Lan et al. (1997b),

H. labiodiscinus Sher, 1966

peach

Sichuan

Feng et al. (1981), Wang (1988), Lan (1993), Li (1994a), Lan et al. (1997b),

H. leiocephalus Sher, 1966

plum (Prunus cerasifera), maize, soybean (Glycine max), mustard (Brassica juncea), leek (Allium tuberosum), citrus, apple, pea, sugarcane

Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan,

Feng et al. (1981), Wang (1988), Fang and Yin (1993), Lan (1993), Li (1994b), Lan et al. (1997a)

H. lobus Sher, 1966

apple

Guizhou

Feng et al. (1981)

H. martini Sher, 1966

peanut, pea, citrus

Guizhou, Sichuan

Feng et al. (1981), Lan et al. (1997a)

H. membranatus Xie & Feng 1993

green onion (Allium fistulosum)

Hongkong

Xie and Feng (1993)

H. microlobus Perry in Perry, Darling & Thorne, 1959

tomato, strawberry, creeping bentgrass, paspalum

Guangdong, Hainan

Lin et al. (2017), Xia et al. (2022)

H. microcephalus Sher, 1966

cryptomeria, arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea), peacock arrowroot (Calathea koyana)

Hebei, Shanxi, Zhejiang

Zhou et al. (2005), Mei et al. (2008)

H. minzi Sher, 1966

potato, pea, citrus, fuchsia (Fuchsia hybrida), platycysts (Platycladus orientalis), elm (Ulmus pumila)

Guizhou, Hebei, Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan

Feng et al. (1981), Wang (1988), Zhang et al. (1998), Xu et al. (2006)

H. multicinctus (Cobb, 1893) Golden, 1956

banana, rice, maize, sesame (Sesamum indicum), grape, sugarcane

Anhui, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan

Wang (1988), Ye (1994), Li (1994a, b), Wu and Lu (1995), Wang et al. (1996), Luo et al. (2002), Xiao et al. (2014)

H. mucronatus Siddiqi, 1964

T. jasminoides, fevervine (Paederia scandens)

Anhui

Liu et al. (2017)

H. oleae Inserra, Vovlas & Golden, 1956

quercus (Quercus mongolica), setaria (Setaria viridis), graveolens, chestnut (Castanea mollissima)

Liaoning

Zhao et al. (1996), Liu (2005), Yuan et al. (2007)

H. paraconcavus Rashid & Khan, 1972

strawberry, citrus, orange (Citrus sinensis), onion (Allium fistulosum)

Guangdong, Hongkong

Xie and Feng (1996), Lin et al. (2017)

H. pisi Swarup & Sethi, 1968

peach, grape

Anhui, Sichuan

Wang et al. (1996), Lan et al. (1997b),

H. platyurus Perry in Perry, Darling & Thorne, 1959

tea, grape, cucumber (Cucumis sativus), ginger (Zingiber officinale), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), celery (Apium

Guangdong, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan,

Wang (1988), Ye (1994), Li (1994a, b a, b), Luo et al. (2002), Li et al. (2012)

H. pseudorobustus (Steiner, 1914) Golden, 1956

Over 40 host plants, including fruit trees, grass, crops, vegetables, herbal and ornamental plants

Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanghai, Shanxi, Tianjin, Xingjiang, Yunnan

Wang (1988), Wang et al. (1991), Fang and Yin (1993), Ye (1994), Li (1994a), Xie et al. (1997a), Zhao et al. (1996), Li et al. (2006), Xu et al. (2006), Wang et al. (2008), An (2009), Duan (2012), Teng et al. (2013), Zheng et al. (2015), Liu et al. (2017), Dong et al. (2022)

H. pteracercus Singh, 1971

strawberry, elm

Zhejiang

Mei et al. (2008), Lin et al. (2017)

H. reynosus Razjivin, O’Relly & Milian, 1973

wheat, sorghum, sugarcane

Jiangxi, Tianjin

Feng et al. (1984), Liu (2005)

H. rotundicauda Sher, 1966

strawberry, creeping bentgrass

Fujian

Xie et al. (2004), Dong et al. (2022)

H. sacchari Razjivin, O’Relly & Milian, 1973

peach

Sichuan

Lan et al. (1997b)

H. sieversii Razjvin, 1971

citrus

Guizhou

Feng et al. (1981)

H. spitsbergensis Loof, 1971

apple, pea

Sichuan

Li (1994a), Lan et al. (1997a)

H. truncates Roman, 1965

citrus

Sichuan

Xie et al. (1997b)

H. tumidicaudatus Phillips, 1971

cactus (Opuntia dillenii)

Inner Mongolia

Zhang et al. (1998)

H. tunisiensis Siddiqi, 1963

grape

Sichuan

Li (1994a, b)

H. variabilis Phillips, 1971

potted landscapes, green bean, sugarcane, pea, citrus, sand kernel, privet (Ligustrum lucidum), elm

Guangdong, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Sichuan

Ye (1994), Wu and Lu (1995), Xie et al. (1997b), Zheng et al. (1998a, b)

H. varicaudatus Yuen, 1964

peach, banana, quercus, jujube (Ziziphus jujuba)

Liaoning, Sichuan

Lan et al. (1997a), Liu (2005), Yuan et al. (2007),

H. willmottae Siddiqi, 1972

sandalwood (Santalum album)

Guangdong

Wu and Lu (1995)

H. zengchengensis n. sp.

bamboo

Guangdong

This study