Fig. 3
From: Early molecular events in the interaction between Magnaporthe oryzae and rice
The model of M. oryzae effectors in suppressing host immune responses. Rice pattern recognition receptors OsCEBiP and OsCERK1 recognize M. oryzae cell wall-derived chitin oligosaccharides to activate PTI through the MAPK cascade pathway. To successfully invade rice, M. oryzae has evolved well-established systems to overcome chitin oligosaccharides-triggered PTI. For example, apoplastic effectors Slp1 and MoAa91, as well as chitinase MoChia1, compete with OsCEBiP for binding to chitin oligosaccharides, masking the recognition of chitin oligosaccharides by OsCEBiP, thereby evading host immune responses. Meanwhile, many avirulence proteins secreted by M. oryzae interfere with PTI by inhibiting the function of host proteins. During the long-term arms race with M. oryzae, rice has evolved specific Resistance (R) proteins or nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors to recognize fungal Avr proteins, initiating ETI and boosting host resistance