Evaluation of the control effect of SAR inducers against citrus Huanglongbing applied by foliar spray, soil drench or trunk injection

Li, Jinyun; Kolbasov, Vladimir G.; Pang, Zhiqian; Duan, Shuo; Lee, Donghwan; Huang, Yixiao; Xu, Jin; Teper, Doron; Lamichhane, Tirtha; Wang, Nian

doi:10.1186/s42483-020-00079-2

Table 4 Quality of fruit harvested from Hamlin sweet orange trees treated with SAR inducers in a three-year field trial (2015–2018) ^z

From: Evaluation of the control effect of SAR inducers against citrus Huanglongbing applied by foliar spray, soil drench or trunk injection

Treatment	Percent juice content				Brix				Acidity (% w/w)				Brix acidity ratio
Treatment	2015	2016	2017	2018	2015	2016	2017	2018	2015	2016	2017	2018	2015	2016	2017	2018
UTC	55.4 _a^A	53.8 _a^A	54.0 _a^A	55.7 _a^A	11.2 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.8 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	17.6 _a^A	18.2_a^A	17.4 _a^A	17.3 _a^A
ASM spray (0.25 g/tree)	53.6 _a^A	54.6 _a^A	53.9 _a^A	54.4 _a^A	11.3 _a^A	11.9 _a^A	11.2 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	0.69 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.67 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	17.9 _a^A	18.3 _a^A	17.5 _a^A
ASM spray (0.5 g/tree)	53.8 _a^A	54.7 _a^A	55.4 _a^A	54.8 _a^A	11.8 _a^A	11.1 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.61 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	17.5 _a^A	18.3 _a^A	17.8 _a^A	18.2 _a^A
ASM soil drench (0.25 g/tree)	55.3 _a^A	52.2 _a^A	53.9 _a^A	54.4 _a^A	11.1 _a^A	12.0 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	11.8 _a^A	0.61 _a^A	0.69 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	17.8 _a^A	17.5 _a^A	17.2 _a^A	17.6 _a^A
ASM soil drench (0.5 g/tree)	54.2 _a^A	55.1 _a^A	53.2 _a^A	55.0 _a^A	11.0 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.9 _a^A	0.62 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.67 _a^A	17.6 _a^A	17.3 _a^A	17.7 _a^A	18.2 _a^A
ASM injection (0.125 g/tree)	54.6 _a^A	52.8 _a^A	54.9 _a^A	53.4 _a^A	12.1 _a^A	11.3 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	11.8 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.62 _a^A	0.67 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	18.5 _a^A	17.7 _a^A	18.1 _a^A	18.3 _a^A
ASM injection (0.25 g/tree)	55.1 _a^A	53.6 _a^A	54.4 _a^A	55.2 _a^A	11.8 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	0.67 _a^A	0.60 _a^A	0.62 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	17.9 _a^A	18.9 _a^A	18.7 _a^A	18.6 _a^A
IMI spray (0.25 g/tree)	53.4 _a^A	54.6 _a^A	55.0 _a^A	54.5 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	11.1 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	0.67 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	17.9_a^A	17.2 _a^A	17.7 _a^A
IMI spray (0.5 g/tree)	53.9 _a^A	55.1 _a^A	54.6 _a^A	53.8 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	11.1 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	11.2 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	0.67 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	17.9 _a^A	17.3 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	17.2 _a^A
IMI soil drench (0.25 g/tree)	55.1 _a^A	53.7 _a^A	54.4 _a^A	55.0 _a^A	12.0 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	0.69 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.67 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	17.8 _a^A	17.7 _a^A	17.3 _a^A
IMI soil drench (0.5 g/tree)	54.4 _a^A	52.8 _a^A	53.5 _a^A	54.1 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	12.1 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.69 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	17.8 _a^A	17.5 _a^A	17.7 _a^A	17.2 _a^A
IMI injection (0.125 g/tree)	53.2 _a^A	54.9 _a^A	53.5 _a^A	54.5 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	11.3 _a^A	11.8 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.67 _a^A	17.6 _a^A	17.2 _a^A	17.6 _a^A	17.7 _a^A
IMI injection (0.25 g/tree)	54.9 _a^A	53.8 _a^A	54.2 _a^A	55.1 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.3 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.60 _a^A	0.62 _a^A	0.62 _a^A	17.3 _a^A	18.7 _a^A	18.5 _a^A	18.3 _a^A
INA spray (0.25 g/tree)	55.0 _a^A	53.3 _a^A	54.6 _a^A	53.2 _a^A	11.2 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	11.3 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	17.2 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	17.2 _a^A	17.6 _a^A
INA spray (0.5 g/tree)	53.5 _a^A	52.4 _a^A	54.9 _a^A	53.5 _a^A	11.9 _a^A	11.1 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	17.5 _a^A	17.7 _a^A	17.3 _a^A	18.0 _a^A
INA soil drench (0.25 g/tree)	54.4 _a^A	55.1 _a^A	53.6 _a^A	54.7 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	11.2 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	0.67 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	17.3 _a^A	17.1 _a^A	17.8 _a^A	17.4 _a^A
INA soil drench (0.5 g/tree)	54.1 _a^A	53.7 _a^A	54.5 _a^A	53.8 _a^A	11.8 _a^A	11.1 _a^A	12.0 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	0.69 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	0.69 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	17.1 _a^A	17.6 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	17.8 _a^A
INA injection (0.125 g/tree)	53.8 _a^A	54.8 _a^A	53.2 _a^A	54.3 _a^A	11.2 _a^A	12.1 _a^A	11.3 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	17.5 _a^A	17.8 _a^A	17.6 _a^A	17.7 _a^A
INA injection (0.25 g/tree)	54.7 _a^A	53.9 _a^A	54.2 _a^A	55.0 _a^A	12.0 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	11.8 _a^A	0.69 _a^A	0.62 _a^A	0.61 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	18.6 _a^A	18.8 _a^A	18.7 _a^A
SA spray (0.25 g/tree)	54.9 _a^A	53.5 _a^A	55.1 _a^A	54.2 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	12.1 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.69 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	17.6 _a^A	17.5 _a^A	17.8 _a^A	17.7 _a^A
SA spray (0.5 g/tree)	53.8 _a^A	54.4 _a^A	54.2 _a^A	55.3 _a^A	11.9 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	10.9 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	0.62 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	17.5 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	17.6 _a^A	17.5 _a^A
SA soil drench (0.25 g/tree)	54.2 _a^A	53.7 _a^A	54.6 _a^A	53.9 _a^A	10.9 _a^A	11.3 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	11.2 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	17.3 _a^A	17.1 _a^A	18.0 _a^A	17.7 _a^A
SA soil drench (0.5 g/tree)	54.7 _a^A	55.1 _a^A	54.3 _a^A	53.9 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	11.3 _a^A	12.0 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.64 _a^A	0.69 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	17.2 _a^A	17.7 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	17.4 _a^A
SA injection (0.125 g/tree)	53.5 _a^A	54.7 _a^A	55.2 _a^A	54.1 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	11.1 _a^A	11.5 _a^A	11.7 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	0.65 _a^A	0.66 _a^A	17.6 _a^A	17.5 _a^A	17.7 _a^A	17.7 _a^A
SA injection (0.25 g/tree)	54.4 _a^A	53.8 _a^A	54.7 _a^A	54.1 _a^A	11.8 _a^A	11.3 _a^A	11.4 _a^A	11.6 _a^A	0.68 _a^A	0.61 _a^A	0.62 _a^A	0.63 _a^A	17.4 _a^A	18.5 _a^A	18.4 _a^A	18.3 _a^A

^z Data shown are the means of six replicates (n = 6). Values in the same row followed by same superscript uppercase letters are not significantly different within each treatment for each parameter of fruit quality (P > 0.05). Values in the same column followed by same subscript lowercase letters are not significantly different at each sampling time for different treatments (P > 0.05)

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