Table 1 Sphingolipid profiles in plants upon treatment with pathogens, defense hormones, or sphinganine-analog mycotoxins
Treatment | Species | Outcome | References |
|---|---|---|---|
P. syringae, or P. syringae avrRpm1 | Arabidopsis | High levels of LCBs, LCBs-P, and Cers | |
B. cinerea | Arabidopsis | High levels of LCBs, LCBs-P, Cers and hCers | (Bi et al. 2014; Magnin-Robert et al. 2015; Zeng et al. 2021) |
X. campestris | Brassica oleracea | A significant reduction in N-palmitoylsphinganine | (Tortosa et al. 2018) |
V. dahliae | Cotton | Disruption of SL homeostasis, increased GIPC contents | (Xu et al. 2022) |
SA or BTH | Arabidopsis | Subtle changes in the SL profile | (Simanshu et al. 2014; Shi et al. 2015; Huang et al. 2019; Zeng et al. 2021) |
ET | Arabidopsis | Subtle changes in the SL profile | (Wu et al. 2015a) |
MeJA | Arabidopsis | Subtle changes in the SL profile | (Huang et al. 2021) |
BRs | Olive | Low levels of LCBs | (Corbacho et al. 2018) |
ABA | Arabidopsis | High levels of LCB-Ps | (Guo et al. 2012) |
FB1 | Arabidopsis | Disruption of sphingolipid homeostasis, sharp increase in LCB contents | (Shi et al. 2007; Markham et al. 2011; Saucedo-Garcia et al. 2011; Kimberlin et al. 2013, 2016; Wu et al. 2015b; Shao et al. 2019; Zeng et al. 2022) |
AAL-toxin, or FB1 | Tomato, duckweed, tobacco callus, maize, banana, or cotton | Disruption of SL homeostasis, sharp increase in LCB contents | (Abbas et al. 1994; Shao et al. 2019; Gutierrez-Najera et al. 2020; Chen et al. 2021; Xie et al. 2021; Xu et al. 2022) |