Use of a real-time PCR method to quantify the primary infection of Plasmopara viticola in commercial vineyards

Phytopathology Research

Table 2 An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using the Kruskal‒Wallis nonparametric test to compare each parameter across multiple commercial vineyards during 2018 and 2019

Parameter	2018 (n = 45)			2019 (n = 50)
Parameter	df^a	Kruskal‒Wallis H test	P value^b	df^a	Kruskal‒Wallis H test	P value^b
The number of P. viticola oospores in soil	8	12.763	0.12	9	8.531	0.482
The number of P. viticola oospores in leaf residues	8	19.961	0.010*	9	16.717	0.053
MDI of leaf residues	8	14.566	0.068	9	21.994	0.009**
AUDPC-P. viticola DNA of asymptomatic leaf	8	19.852	0.011*	9	28.036	0.001**
AUDPC-MDI of asymptomatic leaf	8	22.061	0.005**	9	22.855	0.007**
AUDPC-DI	8	35.499	0.000**	9	38.854	0.000**