Articles

Poly(A) introduced upstream of the upstream pseudoknot domain of Tobacco mosaic virus led to sequence deletion after serial passaging in host plants

TMV (24A + UPD) is a mutant virus that a 24 nt internal poly(A) tract was introduced downstream of the coat protein (CP) gene in TMV genome. TMV (24A + UPD) induced more severe necrosis in Nicotiana benthamiana a...

Authors: Song Guo and Sek-Man Wong

Ralstonia solanacearum virulence in eggplant seedlings by the leaf-clip inoculation

Ralstonia solanacearum causes a lethal bacterial wilt disease in numerous plants including important vegetable crops such as eggplant and tomato. One of the difficulties in studying virulence of this bacterium in...

Authors: Tarinee Phukan, Kristi Kabyashree, Radhika Singh, Pankaj L. Sharma, Niraj Singh, Anjan Barman, Biswa R. Jena and Suvendra K. Ray

Small RNA profiling of Cavendish banana roots inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 and tropical race 4

Fusarium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is considered as one of the most threatening diseases of banana. The Cavendish variety, resistant to Foc race 1 (R...

Authors: Shulang Fei, Elizabeth Czislowski, Stephen Fletcher, Jonathan Peters, Jacqueline Batley, Elizabeth Aitken and Neena Mitter

Subtractive hybridization-assisted screening and characterization of genes involved in the rice-Magnaporthe oryzae interaction

Transcription profiling assays have revealed substantial changes in gene expression during plant-microbe interactions, but it is often time- and labor-consuming to define the causative roles of the differentia...

Authors: Qing-Le Chang, Hai-Jiao Xu, You-Liang Peng and Jun Fan

Taking advantage of a pathogen: understanding how a virus alleviates plant stress response

The simplicity of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) genome, encoding six proteins only, contrasts with the complexity of its impact on tomato plants. In this review, we discuss our understanding of how TYLCV ...

Authors: Rena Gorovits, Iris Sobol, Miasser Altaleb, Henryk Czosnek and Ghandi Anfoka

Small RNAs generated by bidirectional transcription mediate silencing of RXLR effector genes in the oomycete Phytophthora sojae

Oomycete pathogens secrete hundreds of effectors, including avirulence proteins that trigger host genotype-specific resistance response, to manipulate host immunity and facilitate infection. Sequence and expre...

Authors: Qinhu Wang, Tingting Li, Chengcheng Zhong, Shizhi Luo, Ke Xu, Biao Gu, Yuling Meng, Brett M. Tyler and Weixing Shan

Gelsolin of insect vectors negatively regulates actin-based tubule motility of plant reoviruses

Most plant reoviruses encode a type of nonstructural protein that assembles tubular structures to package virions for viral spread in planthopper or leafhopper vectors. These tubules are propelled by actin fil...

Authors: Qian Chen, Limin Zheng, Panpan Zhong, Dongsheng Jia, Yuyan Liu, Qianzhuo Mao and Taiyun Wei

Fungicide resistance of Botrytis cinerea from strawberry to procymidone and zoxamide in Hubei, China

Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is one of the most destructive diseases of strawberry in China. For resistance monitoring, 198 B. cinerea isolates were collected from strawberry greenhouses at 10 locations...

Authors: Muhammad Adnan, Mohamed Sobhy Hamada, Matthias Hahn, Guo-Qing Li and Chao-Xi Luo

Phospholipid homeostasis plays an important role in fungal development, fungicide resistance and virulence in Fusarium graminearum

Phospholipids are major structural components of all cell membranes and participate in energy storage, signal transduction and environmental adaptability in eukaryotes. To date, the enzymes involved in phospho...

Authors: Jing Wang, Haixia Wang, Chenying Zhang, Tianjing Wu, Zhonghua Ma and Yun Chen

WRKY transcription factors: evolution, binding, and action

The WRKY transcription factor (TF) gene family expanded greatly in the evolutionary process from green algae to flowering plants through whole genome, segmental, and tandem duplications. Genomic sequences from di...

Authors: Xujun Chen, Cheng Li, Han Wang and Zejian Guo

Comparative expression analysis of Phytophthora sojae polysaccharide lyase family 3 (pectate lyase) genes during infection of the soybean Glycine max

Phytophthora sojae is an important plant pathogen affecting soybean crops worldwide. The specific mechanisms this pathogen uses to penetrate the host cell and initiate infection have not been fully elucidated. Ho...

Authors: Nicholas Grams, Hannah Komar, Dylan Jainchill and Manuel Ospina-Giraldo

Three formae speciales of Puccinia striiformis were identified as heteroecious rusts based on completion of sexual cycle on Berberis spp. under artificial inoculation

Puccinia striiformis Westend. is an obligate biotrophic parasite that could infect wheat and grasses to cause stripe rusts. P. striiformis, a species of rust fungi, is divided into several formae speciales based ...

Authors: Shujie Huang, Shuxia Zuo, Dan Zheng, Yao Liu, Zhimin Du, Zhensheng Kang and Jie Zhao

A core effector UV_1261 promotes Ustilaginoidea virens infection via spatiotemporally suppressing plant defense

False smut is a destructive grain disease of rice worldwide, characterized by false smut balls formed in rice flowers. Here we identified a small secreted protein UV_1261 contributing to virulence of Ustilaginoid...

Authors: Jing Fan, Ning Du, Liang Li, Guo-Bang Li, Yu-Qiu Wang, Yu-Feng Zhou, Xiao-Hong Hu, Jie Liu, Ji-Qun Zhao, Yan Li, Fu Huang and Wen-Ming Wang

Comparative genomics reveals the unique evolutionary status of Plasmodiophora brassicae and the essential role of GPCR signaling pathways

Plasmodiophora brassicae is an important biotrophic eukaryotic plant pathogen and a member of the rhizarian protists. This biotrophic pathogen causes clubroot in cruciferous plants via novel intracellular mechani...

Authors: Kai Bi, Tao Chen, Zhangchao He, Zhixiao Gao, Ying Zhao, Huiquan Liu, Yanping Fu, Jiatao Xie, Jiasen Cheng and Daohong Jiang

Engineer complete resistance to Cotton Leaf Curl Multan virus by the CRISPR/Cas9 system in Nicotiana benthamiana

Clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas) based genome editing technology has been developed from the adaptive immune system used by many bacteria and a...

Authors: Kangquan Yin, Ting Han, Ke Xie, Jinping Zhao, Junqi Song and Yule Liu

Rapid detection of benzimidazole resistance in Botrytis cinerea by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

Benzimidazole fungicides (MBCs) have been widely used in agriculture since 1970s, and resistance to this class of fungicides in Botrytis cinerea is reported worldwide. Resistance to MBCs in B. cinerea is related ...

Authors: Fei Fan, Matthias Hahn, Guo-Qing Li, Yang Lin and Chao-Xi Luo

Diversity of Pythium spp. associated with soybean damping-off, and management implications by using foliar fungicides as seed treatments

Soybean (Glycine max) seedlings with symptoms of Pythium damping-off were collected in northeastern Iowa soybean fields and processed for isolation of the causal agents on both potato dextrose agar (PDA) and pima...

Authors: Shrishail S. Navi, Tra Huynh, Chase G. Mayers and Xiao-Bing Yang

Development of polyclonal antiserum against movement protein from Potato leafroll virus and its application for the virus detection

The serological method is one of the most important techniques extensively used in crop production to detect different pathogens, especially plant viruses. An antiserum is essential for serological tests. The ...

Authors: Fang Yang, M. Rashid, Xiao-Yan Zhang, Zong-Ying Zhang, Ying Wang, Da-Wei Li, Jia-Lin Yu and Cheng-Gui Han

A Phytophthora capsici virulence effector associates with NPR1 and suppresses plant immune responses

Salicylic acid (SA) plays a crucial regulatory role in plant immunity. NPR1 (non-expressor of pathogenesis related-1) is a SA receptor and plays a pivotal role in SA signaling. However, pathogen effectors whic...

Authors: Qi Li, Yanyu Chen, Ji Wang, Fen Zou, Yuling Jia, Danyu Shen, Qimeng Zhang, Maofeng Jing, Daolong Dou and Meixiang Zhang

Transcriptome analysis reveals pathways facilitating the growth of tobacco powdery mildew in Arabidopsis

Powdery mildew (PM) fungi are biotrophic pathogens that rely on living hosts to survive and thrive. However, their colonization is restricted by host defenses at both the penetration and post-penetration stage...

Authors: Ran Li, Ling-Li Zhang, Xue-Mei Yang, Xiao-Long Cao, Ying-Ge Wang, Xian-Feng Ma, Viswanathan Chandran, Jing Fan, Hui Yang, Jing Shang, Ji-Qun Zhao, Shunyuan Xiao, Yan Li and Wen-Ming Wang

The overlapping continuum of host range among strains in the Pseudomonas syringae complex

Pseudomonas syringae is the most frequently emerging group of plant pathogenic bacteria. Because this bacterium is ubiquitous as an epiphyte and on various substrates in non-agricultural settings, there are many ...

Authors: Cindy E. Morris, Jay Ram Lamichhane, Ivan Nikolić, Slaviša Stanković and Benoit Moury

NAC transcription factors in plant immunity

The NAC (NAM, ATAF and CUC) family is one of the largest plant-specific transcription factor (TF) families. Members of this family are implicated in plant growth, development and stress responses. Recent funct...

Authors: Xi Yuan, Hui Wang, Jiating Cai, Dayong Li and Fengming Song

A glycine-rich protein MoGrp1 functions as a novel splicing factor to regulate fungal virulence and growth in Magnaporthe oryzae

Glycine-rich proteins (GRPs) have diverse amino acid sequences and are involved in a variety of biological processes. The role of GRPs in plant pathogenic fungi has not been reported. In this study, we identif...

Authors: Xusheng Gao, Changfa Yin, Xinsen Liu, Junbo Peng, Deng Chen, Dan He, Wei Shi, Wensheng Zhao, Jun Yang and You-Liang Peng

Welcome to Phytopathology Research: a new platform for sharing research advances in plant pathology

Authors: You-Liang Peng, Jun Fan, Zejian Guo, Yong-Hwan Lee and Nian Wang